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KMID : 0378019910340090075
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New Medical Journal
1991 Volume.34 No. 9 p.75 ~ p.87
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Role Perceptions of Ideal, Actual Practice and Role Discrepancy
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Abstract
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Today, changes of social structure and development of scientific technology have advanced perception of health and role expectation and responsibility of professionals which is engaged in public health enterprise. Therefore, nursing concept and role changed, concepts of human centered, comprehensive nursing has been established.
This study. was to examine the perception degree of ideal role and actual practice role according to ´ three role conceptions : the bureaucratic role conception, the professional role conception, the service role conception, furnish future directions of nursing education and hospital nursing administration.
The main purposes of this research to analyze the perception degree and the discrepancy between the ideal role and actual practice role.
Nursing role conception scale used for data collection was developed by Corwin (1960), modified by Pieta(1976), supplemented by author.
Subjects included 275 nurses employed by one educational hospital.
Data were analyzed using a SPSS program for ANOVA, Tukey test, simple linear regression. The results and findings are as follows ;
1. There was a statistically significant increase in the professional role concept and the service role concept of ideal and actual practice role in the intensive care unit nurses (p<0.001).
2. Score of the ideal role is higher than that of the actual practice role in three role conceptions (p<0.001).
In the ideal role, three role conception score is high in sequence of professional, service, bureaucratic role conception.
In the actual practice role, three role conception score is high in sequence of bureaucratic, service, professional role conceptions.
3. The perceived degree of discrepancy between ideal role and actual practice role of the
bureaucratic role conception among 4 year College, University graduates was higher than that among 3 year College graduates (p<0.05).
According to their positions, the discrepancy among head nurses was higher than that among charge nurses, staff nurses (p<0.001).
4. In the professional and service role conception, the perceived degree of the discrepancy , between ideal role and actual practice role of the professional and service role conception among nurses in the operation room, anesthetic department is higher than that among other department (p=0.000).
In the bureaucratic role conception, the perceived degree of the discrepancy among I.C.U. nurses is higher than that among other department, but no significant difference was found.
5. According to the three role conceptions, in making predictions of actual practice role to ideal role, the professional role conception level as 24.4%, bureaucratic role conception level as 56.9%, the service role conception level as 37.7% and finally total role conception level as 52.1% (p=0.000).
The findings indicate that nurses´ role employed by educational general hospital is to be transferred from bureaucratic role to professional role, and degree of the discrepancy between ideal role and actual practice role should be minimized.
For this, we suggest a need for further research investigating nurses´ role controlled by the characteristics of department and hospital administration.
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